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What is Linea (Ethereum Layer 2 Network)?

Linea is a Layer 2 (L2) network built atop Ethereum, designed to scale Ethereum-based applications while preserving Ethereum’s core values of security and decentralisation. Developed and bootstrapped by Consensys, Linea aims to provide a more efficient environment for decentralised applications (dApps) by increasing throughput and lowering transaction costs. It is governed and stewarded by the Linea Association, a Swiss non-profit tasked with aligning the protocol's development with community interests.

How does Linea work?

Linea functions as a zero-knowledge rollup (zk-rollup), which aggregates multiple off-chain transactions and posts succinct cryptographic proofs back to Ethereum mainnet. This approach allows for significantly reduced gas costs and faster transaction finality, while still inheriting Ethereum’s security through its Proof of Stake consensus mechanism.

Key components of Linea’s architecture include:

• zkEVM Compatibility: Linea supports Ethereum-compatible smart contracts, allowing developers to deploy Solidity-based applications with minimal changes.
• Cryptography and Security: Linea uses zero-knowledge proof systems (similar to zk-SNARKs) to verify off-chain execution and submit proofs on-chain, ensuring security through Ethereum’s validation process.
• Sequencing and Rollup Logic: Transactions are ordered and batched by sequencers, then state changes are committed to Ethereum via verified proofs.
• Smart Contract Environment: Supports Solidity and other EVM languages, providing a familiar development environment for dApp builders.

What are the potential use cases for Linea?

Linea is built to support a wide range of Ethereum-native applications across various sectors. Its lower fees and higher scalability make it suitable for:

• DeFi Applications: Decentralised exchanges, lending protocols, and yield platforms seeking efficient, low-cost transaction infrastructure.
• NFT Ecosystems: NFT marketplaces and minting platforms can benefit from cheaper creation and trading while maintaining Ethereum-level security.
• Blockchain Gaming and dApps: Games and consumer applications requiring high-throughput, low-latency environments for seamless user experiences.
• Infrastructure and Developer Tools: Middleware services such as oracles, wallets, and analytics platforms are integrating with Linea for broader Ethereum ecosystem compatibility.

Linea’s integration with Consensys tools (e.g., MetaMask, Infura) and community programmes like governance and airdrops further support developer and user engagement.

What is the history of Linea?

Linea was initiated by Consensys as part of its effort to enhance Ethereum scalability while remaining fully aligned with Ethereum’s values and infrastructure.

Key historical milestones include:

• Launch of Linea Network: Debuted as a zk-rollup Layer 2 with an initial wave of DeFi and NFT partners.
• Establishment of the Linea Association: A Swiss non-profit entity overseeing protocol governance and community initiatives like the Linea airdrop.
• Technology Evolution: Ongoing improvements to zk-proof systems and EVM compatibility have strengthened Linea’s scalability and developer experience.
• Ecosystem Growth: The network has seen adoption from major Ethereum projects and continues to expand its reach within the Ethereum Layer 2 landscape.